Selection of Motors in Electric Traction Systems
Posted in 2024-06-27 17:29:39 in Tech Blog, 0 Comments
1. The significance of correctly selecting the motor
On the premise of first meeting the requirements of the production machinery, the type, operation mode, rated speed and rated power of the motor should be reasonably selected to make the motor run reliably under the condition of high efficiency and low loss, so as to achieve the purpose of energy saving and improving the overall economic benefits.
Small and medium-sized three-phase asynchronous motors are widely used in China, with an installed capacity of 300 million KW, and electricity consumption accounts for about 60% of the total power generation, about 350 billion KWh. Due to the unreasonable selection of motors, about 1 billion yuan of investment is wasted each year, and more than 50KWh of electricity is wasted.
2. Main factors that determine the rated power of the motor
Two factors are mainly considered:
1. The heating and temperature rise of the motor;
2. The short-term overload capacity of the motor. For cage-type motors, the starting capacity must also be considered.
The loss of the motor is eventually converted into heat energy, which increases the temperature of each part, causing the insulation material in contact with the part to age rapidly, causing its mechanical strength and insulation performance to decrease quickly, and greatly shortening its life.
The core and winding are the main components that generate loss and emit heat.
The insulation materials commonly used in motors are divided into five levels: A, E, B, F and H according to their heat resistance.
Insulation level | A | E | B | F | H |
Maximum allowable temperature(0C) | 105 | 120 | 130 | 155 | 180 |
Maximum allowable temperature rise(K) | 60 | 75 | 80 | 105 | 125 |
3. Methods for determining the rated power of the motor
The most basic method:
Draw the load diagram of the motor according to the law of mechanical load change, and then calculate the heating and temperature rise curve of the motor according to the load diagram of the motor to determine the rated power of the motor.
Load diagram: The relationship between the motor power or torque and time.
Practical method:
Statistical method---Through statistical calculation and analysis of the rated power of the motor selected for the same type of load, find out the relationship between the rated power of the motor and the main parameters of this type of load, and obtain the corresponding calculation formula of the rated power of the motor.
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