Delayed commutation
Posted in 2024-07-31 16:34:25 in Tech Blog, 0 Comments
When the motor is operating normally, the following potentials are generated in the commutation element to make Σe≠0
(1) Self-inductance electromotive force eL eL generated when the current in the commutation element changes
eL = - Ldi/dt
(2) Mutual inductance electromotive force eM Mutual inductance electromotive force generated between several elements that are commutated at the same time eM= - Mdi/dt
er= eL+ eM is called reactance potential, and its direction is the same as +ia.
(3) Armature reaction potential ea The induced potential generated by the commutation element cutting the armature magnetic field is consistent with er and is also opposed to the change of commutation current.
As a result, the current cannot change linearly with time and changes slowly. This is called delayed commutation.
Delayed commutation makes the current density on the front brush side of the brush small and the current density on the rear brush side large, so a larger spark appears on the rear brush side.
Methods to improve commutation
Method: Generate an electric potential ek in the commutation element in the opposite direction to er and ea.
Method 1: Add a commutation pole at the geometric neutral position of the main pole. The polarity is opposite to that of the armature magnetic field, and its winding is generally connected in series with the armature winding
Method 2: Move the brush to improve commutation. The generator moves forward and the motor moves backward.
The moving angle β>α (the angle between the physical center line and the geometric center line).
Sparks, ring fire and compensation winding
Sparks are generated under the brushes due to poor commutation, which can seriously affect the operation of the motor.
Ring fire is when the voltage of the component at the maximum magnetic flux density reaches the maximum value, and an arc short circuit is generated between the two commutator segments connected to the component to form a ring fire.
The compensation winding is connected in series with the armature winding to eliminate the armature reaction and thus eliminate the ring fire.
Considering Baolong Company?
Email us at:
sales@baolong.com
Or call us at:
+86 (0577) 62572888