The Application of Over-molding in Micro Motors
Posted in 2025-11-29 15:49:00 in Tech Blog, 0 Comments
What is over-molding:
Over-molding is a specialized injection molding process whereby a pre-formed component (termed the base material or substrate) is placed within a mold, whereupon a second material is injected over it. This causes the two materials to fuse together in their molten state, forming a single, integrated part upon cooling. We can visualize it as cladding a component in a garment of another material.
The applications and advantages of over-molding in micro motors:
1. Achieving exceptional sealing performance
This represents the foremost and most prevalent application of over-molding within micro-motors.
Application: Utilizing the motor metal housing, end bell, and lead-out wire sections as the base substrate, a layer of tightly conforming plastic or elastomer is applied through secondary injection molding.
Addressing key challenges:
Waterproof (IPX7/IPX8): For products requiring frequent cleaning or potential use in humid environments—such as electric toothbrushes, hair clippers, and outdoor equipment—over-molding creates a completely seamless seal, effectively preventing moisture and water vapour from entering the motor interior.
Dust/Chemical-proof: Prevents entry of contaminants like dust, shampoo, or foam that could cause motor short-circuits or wear.
Advantages: Compared to traditional O-ring or adhesive seals, the over-molded seal is integral, permanent, and offers higher reliability while withstanding greater water pressure.
2. Structural integration and weight reduction
Application: The metal housing of the micro motor serves as an insert, over-molded externally with engineering plastics (such as PBT or Nylon) to form complex mounting structures.
Addressing key challenges:
Micro motors are typically smooth cylinders, making direct fixation within products difficult.
Advantages:
Integrated Design: Mounting lugs, threaded studs, gearbox interfaces, and other structures can be directly molded onto the motor housing, eliminating the need for additional metal brackets and assembly steps.
Weight Reduction: Partial substitution of metal structures with lightweight plastic achieves weight optimization.
Cost Reduction: Reduces the number of components and assembly processes.
3. Vibration damping and noise reduction
Application: Over-molding a layer of soft elastomer such as TPE/TPU between the motor housing and external casing.
Addressing key challenges: Vibration and noise generated during high-speed motor rotation.
Advantages: The soft material effectively absorbs and isolates vibrations, enhancing operational quietness and handheld comfort. This is crucial for products prioritizing silent operation and premium user experience (e.g., high-end electric toothbrushes, body-care devices).
4. Electrical Insulation and Protection
Application: Precision over-molding of the motor commutator, brush area, and internal terminal contacts.
Addressing key challenges: Prevents short circuits and shields sensitive electrical components from moisture, dust, and physical impact.
Advantages: Provides a robust and reliable insulating protective layer, enhancing motor safety and service life.
Key Success Factors for Over-molding:
1. Material compatibility: The two materials must be capable of forming a robust bond, whether through chemical bond (intermolecular forces) or mechanical interlocking (design structure).
2. Mold design: The mold must be highly precise to ensure the base material is accurately positioned and the secondary injection material flows smoothly into the correct areas.
3. Process parameters: Parameters such as temperature, injection speed, and pressure require precise control to ensure bonding strength and prevent defects.
Considering Baolong Company?
Email us at:
sales@baolong.com
Or call us at:
+86 (0577) 62572888